{"id":9281,"date":"2023-01-31T15:46:33","date_gmt":"2023-01-31T13:46:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monitorering.ki.dk\/?post_type=glossary&#038;p=9281"},"modified":"2023-01-31T15:46:34","modified_gmt":"2023-01-31T13:46:34","slug":"fft-fast-fourier-transform","status":"publish","type":"glossary","link":"https:\/\/monitorering.ki.dk\/en\/glossary\/fft-fast-fourier-transform\/","title":{"rendered":"FFT (Fast Fourier Transform)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In the context of <a class=\"glossaryLink\" href=\"https:\/\/monitorering.ki.dk\/en\/glossary\/structural-health-monitoring-shm\/\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">structural health monitoring<\/a>, the <a class=\"glossaryLink\" href=\"https:\/\/monitorering.ki.dk\/en\/glossary\/fft-fast-fourier-transform\/\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Fast Fourier Transform<\/a> (<a class=\"glossaryLink\"  href=\"https:\/\/monitorering.ki.dk\/en\/glossary\/fft-fast-fourier-transform\/\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>FFT<\/a>) is an algorithm used to analyze the frequency content of a measured signal, such as vibration data collected from a structure. The <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  href=\"https:\/\/monitorering.ki.dk\/en\/glossary\/fft-fast-fourier-transform\/\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>FFT<\/a> can be used to identify the natural frequencies of a structure, which can indicate the presence of damage or defects. It is a computational tool to convert time domain data into frequency domain data.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In the graph below we are looking at <a class=\"glossaryLink\" href=\"https:\/\/monitorering.ki.dk\/en\/glossary\/accelerometer\/\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">accelerometer<\/a> data form an <a class=\"glossaryLink\" href=\"https:\/\/monitorering.ki.dk\/en\/glossary\/accelerometer\/\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">accelerometer<\/a> on a suspension bridge hanger. From the data it can be hard to tell at which frequency the largest movements are occurring in the hanger. Using an <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  href=\"https:\/\/monitorering.ki.dk\/en\/glossary\/fft-fast-fourier-transform\/\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>FFT<\/a> analysis the data now shows energy in the movement at each frequency step. In Figure 2 we see how there are spikes at every frequency with more energy showing the different natural frequencies of the hanger.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/monitorering.ki.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/FFT-1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"238\" src=\"https:\/\/monitorering.ki.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/FFT-1-1024x238.png\" alt=\"FFT Fast Fourier Transform\" class=\"wp-image-9282\" srcset=\"https:\/\/monitorering.ki.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/FFT-1-1024x238.png 1024w, https:\/\/monitorering.ki.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/FFT-1-300x70.png 300w, https:\/\/monitorering.ki.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/FFT-1-768x178.png 768w, https:\/\/monitorering.ki.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/FFT-1-100x23.png 100w, https:\/\/monitorering.ki.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/FFT-1-1396x324.png 1396w, https:\/\/monitorering.ki.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/FFT-1.png 1447w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Figure 1: Acceleration from a suspension bridge hanger<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In the acceleration data from the hanger in Figure 2 the <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  href=\"https:\/\/monitorering.ki.dk\/en\/glossary\/fft-fast-fourier-transform\/\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>FFT<\/a> suggests that the first mode is at roughly 0.6 Hz. The reason the first mode is not the largest peak on the graph is due to the placement of the <a class=\"glossaryLink\" href=\"https:\/\/monitorering.ki.dk\/en\/glossary\/accelerometer\/\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">accelerometer<\/a> close to the bottom of the cable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/monitorering.ki.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/FFT-2.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"225\" src=\"https:\/\/monitorering.ki.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/FFT-2-1024x225.png\" alt=\"FFT Fast Fourier Transform\" class=\"wp-image-9284\" srcset=\"https:\/\/monitorering.ki.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/FFT-2-1024x225.png 1024w, https:\/\/monitorering.ki.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/FFT-2-300x66.png 300w, https:\/\/monitorering.ki.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/FFT-2-768x169.png 768w, https:\/\/monitorering.ki.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/FFT-2-100x22.png 100w, https:\/\/monitorering.ki.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/FFT-2-1396x307.png 1396w, https:\/\/monitorering.ki.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/FFT-2.png 1459w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Figure 2: <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  href=\"https:\/\/monitorering.ki.dk\/en\/glossary\/fft-fast-fourier-transform\/\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>FFT<\/a> analysis on the same acceleration data<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/monitorering.ki.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/FFT-3.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"220\" src=\"https:\/\/monitorering.ki.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/FFT-3-1024x220.png\" alt=\"FFT Fast Fourier Transform\" class=\"wp-image-9286\" srcset=\"https:\/\/monitorering.ki.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/FFT-3-1024x220.png 1024w, https:\/\/monitorering.ki.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/FFT-3-300x64.png 300w, https:\/\/monitorering.ki.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/FFT-3-768x165.png 768w, https:\/\/monitorering.ki.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/FFT-3-100x21.png 100w, https:\/\/monitorering.ki.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/FFT-3-1396x300.png 1396w, https:\/\/monitorering.ki.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/FFT-3.png 1444w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Figure 3: <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  href=\"https:\/\/monitorering.ki.dk\/en\/glossary\/fft-fast-fourier-transform\/\"  data-mobile-support=\"0\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>FFT<\/a> with the first mode highlighted to the left, and the peak value highlighted to the right.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In the context of <a class=\"glossaryLink\" href=\"https:\/\/monitorering.ki.dk\/en\/glossary\/structural-health-monitoring-shm\/\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">structural health monitoring<\/a>, the <a class=\"glossaryLink\" href=\"https:\/\/monitorering.ki.dk\/en\/glossary\/fft-fast-fourier-transform\/\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Fast Fourier Transform<\/a> (<a class=\"glossaryLink\" href=\"https:\/\/monitorering.ki.dk\/en\/glossary\/fft-fast-fourier-transform\/\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">FFT<\/a>) is an algorithm used to analyze the frequency content of a measured signal, such as vibration data collected from a structure. The <a class=\"glossaryLink\" href=\"https:\/\/monitorering.ki.dk\/en\/glossary\/fft-fast-fourier-transform\/\" data-mobile-support=\"0\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">FFT<\/a> &hellip; <\/p>\n<div><a href=\"https:\/\/monitorering.ki.dk\/en\/glossary\/fft-fast-fourier-transform\/\" class=\"more-link\">Read More<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"rs_blank_template":"","rs_page_bg_color":"","slide_template_v7":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"glossary-categories":[],"glossary-tags":[],"class_list":["post-9281","glossary","type-glossary","status-publish","hentry","no-post-thumbnail"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) - KI Monitoring Monitoring<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/monitorering.ki.dk\/en\/glossary\/fft-fast-fourier-transform\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) - KI Monitoring Monitoring\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In the context of structural health monitoring, the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is an algorithm used to analyze the frequency content of a measured signal, such as vibration data collected from a structure. 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